Ch Standard EDemos
ISO C90 Standard
Wide characters
ISO C99 Standard
C++ features
Complex IEEE floating-point arithmetic
Assumed-shape arrays
Nested functions
Interactive C statement execution
Interactive command shell
Shell Programming
Safe Ch
Ch applets
String Type
Adjustable array bounds
Auto array bound checking
Socket/Winsock
POSIX
Unix utilities for Windows
Windows
GTK+
X/Motif
OpenGL
Toolkits Demos
CGI
ODBC
ChExcel
Ch Professional Demos
Computational array
Plotting
Numerical analysis
C LAPACK functions
Ch supports the following new features added in C99.
  1. IEEE-754 floating-point arithmetic
  2. complex number
  3. variable length arrays (VLAs)
  4. type generic mathematical functions for polymorphism
  5. long long and unsigned long long
  6. mixing declarations and code
  7. binary integral constants
  8. predefined identifier __func__
  9. the variable argument list macro
  10. hexadecimal floating-point constants
  11. // comments
  12. the header file complex.h
  13. the header file fenv.h
  14. the header file inttypes.h
  15. the header file iso646.h
  16. the header file stdbool.h
  17. the header file stdin.h
  18. the header file tgmath.h
  19. the header file wchar.h
  20. the header file wctype.h
  21. new translation limits
  22. va_copy() in header file stdarg.h
  23. keywords restrict and inline
  24. remove implicit int

IEEE-754 floating-point arithmetic

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main() {
    printf("1/0.0 = %f\n", 1/0.0);
    printf("-1/0.0 = %f\n", -1/0.0);
    printf("0.0/0.0 = %f\n", 0.0/0.0);
    printf("sqrt(-1.0) = %f\n", sqrt(-1.0));
    printf("INFINITY/INFINITY = %f\n", INFINITY/INFINITY);
}

The output is:
1/0.0 = inf
-1/0.0 = -inf
0.0/0.0 = nan
sqrt(-1.0) = nan
INFINITY/INFINITY = nan

complex number

/* complex in C99 is a built-in data type.
   complex in C++ is a class. They are not compatible.
   A program using complex conforming either C99 or C++ can readily run
   in Ch without modification. */
        
#include <stdio.h> 
#include <complex.h>
        
int main() {
    double complex z1 = 1+I*2;                // C99 and Ch
    double_complex z2 = double_complex(1, 2); // C++ and Ch
    double complex z3 = complex(1, 2);        // Ch
    double complex sz1, sz2, sz3;
          
    sz1 = csqrt(z1);                              // C99 and Ch
    sz2 = sqrt(z2);                               // C++ and Ch
    sz3 = sqrt(z3);                               // C++ and Ch
    printf("sz1 = %f, %f\n", creal(sz1), cimag(sz1)); // C99 and Ch
    printf("sz2 = %f, %f\n", real(sz2),  imag(sz2));  // C++ and Ch
    printf("sz3 = %f\n", sz3);                 // Ch, added for users's convenience
                       
}

The output is:
sz1 = 1.278020, 0.786151
sz2 = 1.278020, 0.786151
sz3 = complex(1.278020,0.786151)

variable length arrays (VLAs)

Example 1:

   
#include <stdio.h>
        
void func(int n, int m, int a[n][m]);
void func(int n, int m, int a[*][*]);

void func(int n, int m, int a[n][m]) { // a is VLA 
    int b[n][m], c[n]; /* b and c are VLAs */

    printf("sizeof(b) = %d\n", sizeof(b));
    printf("sizeof(c) = %d\n", sizeof(c));
    printf("a[1][2] in func() = %d\n", a[1][2]);
    a[1][2] = 100;
}       
          
int main() {
    int a1[2][3] = {1,2,3,
                          4,5,6};
    int a2[3][4] = {1,2,3,4,
                          5,6,7,8,
                          9,10,11,12};
    func(2, 3, a1);
    printf("a1[1][2] in main() = %d\n", a1[1][2]);
    func(3, 4, a2);
    printf("a2[1][2] in main() = %d\n", a2[1][2]);
    return 0;
}

The output is:
sizeof(b) = 24
sizeof(c) = 8
a[1][2] in func() = 6
a1[1][2] in main() = 100
sizeof(b) = 48
sizeof(c) = 12
a[1][2] in func() = 7
a2[1][2] in main() = 100

Example 2:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <chplot.h>

int main() {
     int n;
     scanf("%d", &n);
     double x[n], y[n];
     ...
     plotxy(x, y, n, "title", "x", "y");
     return 0;
}
The variable n contains the number of elements for the deferred-shale arrays x and y. The value for the variable n is obtained from the user input.

type generic mathematical functions for polymorphism

   
#include <stdio.h>
#include <tgmath.h>
#include <complex.h>
int main() {
    int i=3;
    float fi, f=3;
    double d=3;
    complex z=3;
    double complex dz=3;
    fi = sin(i);
    f = sin(f);
    d = sin(d);
    z = sin(z);
    dz = sin(dz);
    printf("fi = %f\n", fi);
    printf("f = %f\n", f);
    printf("d = %f\n", d);
    printf("z = %f\n", z);
    printf("dz = %f\n", dz);
}       

The output is:
fi = 0.141120
f = 0.141120
d = 0.141120
z = complex(0.141120,-0.000000)
dz = complex(0.141120,-0.000000)

long long and unsigned long long

#include <stdio.h>

int main () {
   unsigned long long u;
   long long l;

   u = 20ULL;
   l = 20LL;
   printf("u = %llu\n", u);               //  output: u = 20
   printf("l = %lld\n", l);               //  output: l = 20
   printf("sizeof(l) = %d\n", sizeof(l)); //  output: l = 8
   scanf("%lld", &l);                     //  type input of "22"
   printf("l = %lld\n", l);               //  output: l = 22
   return 0;
}

mixing declarations and code

int main() {
   int x, y;
   x = 3;
   y = 4;
   int xy = x*y;
   int a[xy];
}

binary integral constants

/* Binary I/O */
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
  unsigned int address;
  unsigned char *p, mask = 0b00110101; // Binary integer

  p = (char *)&address; /* p can point to a hardware memory address */
  *p = mask;
  printf("*p = %d\n", *p);   // output decimal integer
  printf("p = %b\n", mask);  // output binary integer starting with 1
  printf("p = %7b\n", *p);   // output 7 bits of binary integer
  printf("p = %8b\n", *p);   // output 8 bits of binary integer
  printf("p = %4b\n", *p);   // output 4 bits of binary integer, but get 6
                             // because there are 6 non-zero bits
  scanf("%b", p);            // accept 011 as 3 
}

/* output
*p = 53
p = 110101
p = 0110101
p = 00110101
p = 110101
*/

predefined identifier __func__

#include <stdio.h>

void funct() {
    printf("Function %s() is called.\n", __func__);
}

int main () {
   funct();
}

/* output
    Function funct() is called.
*/

the variable argument list macro

    #define debug(...)    fprintf(stderr, __VA_ARGS__)
    debug("Flag");
    debug("x = %d\n", x);
    #define showlist(...) puts(#__VA_ARGS__)
    #define report(test, ...) ((test)?puts(#test):\
                       printf(__VA_ARGS__))
results in
    fprintf(stderr,  "Flag" );
    fprintf(stderr,  "x = %d\n", x );
    puts( "The first, second, and third items." );
    ((x>y)?puts("x>y"):
              printf("x is %d but y is %d", x, y));

hexadecimal floating-point constants

       > 0X2P3
       16.0000
       > 0x1.1p0
       1.0625
       > 0x1.1p1F
       2.12